Borrowing base
What is a borrowing base, and when is it the wrong answer?
ONE OF 80 TERMS · FREE · NO SIGNUP
BY MICHAEL SHANG · SIXTEEN YEARS IN COMMERCIAL BANKING · UPDATED
// THE SHORT ANSWER
A borrowing base ties a facility limit to the eligible assets behind it — typically a percentage of current receivables and inventory, reported and recalculated monthly. It is the right structure where the risk is that the asset pool shrinks faster than the limit does. It is the wrong structure on a clean file: conditions cost the borrower administrative weight every month and tell a good client the bank read a template rather than the numbers. Intensity of structure is a scarce resource priced in relationship currency.
BASIS Practitioner judgment from sixteen years in commercial banking, set out in How Bankers Think (Highbank Press, 2026). Every borrower on this site is a composite constructed for teaching, not a client. The market is mid-market commercial lending as practised in New Zealand and Australia; where a convention differs elsewhere, the page says so.
// IN THE BOOK
Developed in chapter 3, Reading Real Demand vs. Plugging Holes.
// WORKED IN
// NEXT TO IT
- 5 Cs of credit
- Cash conversion cycle
- Working capital facility
- Quality of earnings
- Debtor days
- Covenant headroom
- Second way out
- Personal guarantee release
- Customer concentration
- Multi-currency facility
- Bankability
- Commitment fee
- Clean-down
- Self-liquidating
- Balloon payment
- Amortisation
- Debt service cover ratio (DSCR)
- Interest cover ratio
- Debt to EBITDA (leverage)
- Dilution (receivables)
- Advance rate
- Hardcore (overdraft)
- Loan to cost (LTC)
- Presales
- Standstill agreement
- Break cost
- Expected loss
- Dividend payout ratio
- Debt per kgMS
- Fixed charge cover ratio (FCCR)
- Global cash flow
- Interest reserve
- General security agreement (GSA)
- Negative pledge
- Condition precedent (CP)
- Event of default
- Covenant waiver
- Reservation of rights
- Watch list
- Risk grade
- Loan loss provision
- Going concern
- Management accounts
- Term-out
- Subordination
- Intercreditor agreement
- Club facility
- Unsecured lending
- Loan to value ratio (LVR)
- Forced-sale value
- Related-party transactions
- Capitalised costs
- Quantity surveyor (QS)
- Retention (construction)
- Peak debt
- Cash sweep
- Finance lease
- Adjusted EBITDA
- Interest rate swap
- Forward exchange contract
- Maturity transformation
- Risk-weighted assets
- Net interest margin
- Credit cycle
- Yield curve
- Transaction exposure
- Information barrier
- Conflict of interest
- Material non-public information
- Tipping off
- Suitability
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