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// THE IN-TRAY / CHAPTER 16 FILES · ONE MINUTE EACH

THE IN-TRAY · CHAPTER 1 OF HOW BANKERS THINK

6 files on The Three Questions

The question this chapter answers: What is every credit decision actually deciding?

THE FRAMEWORK, NAMED · THE THREE QUESTIONS →

Make a call on any file and every option opens with how far it sits from the senior banker’s read. There is no score.

FILE 1 OF 6 · THE CALL

A builders' merchant asks to lift its overdraft from US$1.5m to US$2.5m on the back of sales up 25%. The relationship manager suggests leaving the price where it is, to keep them happy.

What do you ask first?

FILE 2 OF 6 · THE CALL

A rival bank offers your borrower a margin 50 basis points below yours on a five-year term loan: same security, same covenants. The borrower is sound and wants an answer this week.

What do you check before deciding whether to match?

FILE 3 OF 6 · THE CALL

A five-year loan to a single-site manufacturer. No financial covenants. Security is specialised plant that only a handful of buyers could use. The credit is strong today.

Which question has the file left open?

FILE 4 OF 6 · THE CALL

Two US$3m requests land the same morning. One borrower's cash flow covers the debt comfortably, but the only security is stock. The other offers a first mortgage over land worth twice the loan, with cash flow that barely covers the interest.

Which file is stronger?

FILE 5 OF 6 · THE FIRST QUESTION

A distributor wants a US$4m term loan to buy a competitor. Its plan shows the combined business repaying the loan in four years.

Which assumption do you test first?

FILE 6 OF 6 · THE CALL

A borrower of fifteen years, never late, asks for a covenant waiver after one bad quarter. The new numbers are weak but explained. The deadline is tomorrow.

What is the senior move?

6 FILES · PICK A CALL ON ANY OF THEM